CentOS 7 安装OpenStack教程

Author： Dracowyn
发布时间：September 21, 2020
2784 views
7251 words
Categories：技术

![OpenStack.jpg](/usr/uploads/2020/09/3823210610.jpg)

# CentOS 7 安装OpenStack教程

本次实验安装的是OpenStack的Queens版。OpenStack的安装是一个难题，组件众多，非常麻烦。RDO是红帽Red Hat Enterprise Linux OpenStack Platform的社区版，类似RHEL和Fedora，RHEV和oVirt这样的关系。如果手工部署OpenStack，可能需要好几天，使用RDO，就是几个命令，当然也牺牲了灵活性。所以我们这里使用RDO仓库来安装OpenStack的Queens版。

* 准备：VMware虚拟机安装至少需要准备2核6GB内存，硬盘建议分配至少40GB。虚拟机网卡可以只配置一个，使用桥接模式和宿主机连接。使用root用户登录进系统。

## 环境准备

安装CentOS 7 的时候选择最小安装，并设置好固定IP地址，将yum源替换为阿里云源

```bash
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
```

### 第一步 更新系统软件和内核

本次实验使用DNF新一代的RPM软件包管理器来对系统组件进行更新。

* DNF 并未默认安装在 RHEL 或 CentOS 7系统中。为了安装 DNF ，必须先安装并启用 epel-release 依赖

```bash
yum install -y epel-release
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
```

* 安装dnf

```bash
yum install -y dnf
```

* 之后使用dnf update更新系统软件和内核

```bash
dnf update -y
```

稍等片刻后就安装完成了，完成之后最好是reboot一下，这是一个好习惯。

### 第二步 配置前置安装条件

OpenStack不建议使用firewalld和networkManager，因为它使用的是iptables，它与firewalld冲突。NetworkManager对OpenStack可能不知道的网络适配器动态地执行操作，因此可能会导致严重的网络问题。因此，推荐/最佳实践是您使用基本的网络实用程序。

* 停止并禁用NetworkManager

```bash
systemctl stop NetworkManager
systemctl disable NetworkManager
```

* 停止并禁用firewalld

```bash
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
```

* 重新启动网络服务

```bash
systemctl restart network
```

* 禁用SELinux

```bash
setenforce 0
```

* 或者永久禁用SELinux（建议）

```bash
vi /etc/selinux/config
```

将 SELINUX=enforcing 更改为 SELINUX=disabled

### 第三步 安装OpenStack仓库

* 安装RDO仓库和yum仓库管理器

```bash
yum install -y https://rdoproject.org/repos/rdo-release.rpm
yum install -y yum-utils
```

* 启用OpenStack-Queens仓库

```bash
yum-config-manager --enable openstack-queens
```

之后重启一下系统

```bash
sync;reboot
```

### 第四步 安装OpenStack Packstack

Packstack是一个OpenStack设置实用程序

```bash
yum install -y openstack-packstack
```

### 第五步 使用Packstack部署和运行OpenStack

```bash
packstack --allinone
```

* 此步骤执行需要较长时间，请耐心等待
* 输出内容

```
Welcome to the Packstack setup utility

The installation log file is available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20200921-085713-IQc12l/openstack-setup.log
Packstack changed given value  to required value /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

Installing:
Clean Up                                             [ DONE ]
Discovering ip protocol version                      [ DONE ]
Setting up ssh keys                                  [ DONE ]
Preparing servers                                    [ DONE ]
Pre installing Puppet and discovering hosts' details [ DONE ]
Preparing pre-install entries                        [ DONE ]
Setting up CACERT                                    [ DONE ]
Preparing AMQP entries                               [ DONE ]
Preparing MariaDB entries                            [ DONE ]
Fixing Keystone LDAP config parameters to be undef if empty[ DONE ]
Preparing Keystone entries                           [ DONE ]
Preparing Glance entries                             [ DONE ]
Checking if the Cinder server has a cinder-volumes vg[ DONE ]
Preparing Cinder entries                             [ DONE ]
Preparing Nova API entries                           [ DONE ]
Creating ssh keys for Nova migration                 [ DONE ]
Gathering ssh host keys for Nova migration           [ DONE ]
Preparing Nova Compute entries                       [ DONE ]
Preparing Nova Scheduler entries                     [ DONE ]
Preparing Nova VNC Proxy entries                     [ DONE ]
Preparing OpenStack Network-related Nova entries     [ DONE ]
Preparing Nova Common entries                        [ DONE ]
Preparing Neutron API entries                        [ DONE ]
Preparing Neutron L3 entries                         [ DONE ]
Preparing Neutron L2 Agent entries                   [ DONE ]
Preparing Neutron DHCP Agent entries                 [ DONE ]
Preparing Neutron Metering Agent entries             [ DONE ]
Checking if NetworkManager is enabled and running    [ DONE ]
Preparing OpenStack Client entries                   [ DONE ]
Preparing Horizon entries                            [ DONE ]
Preparing Swift builder entries                      [ DONE ]
Preparing Swift proxy entries                        [ DONE ]
Preparing Swift storage entries                      [ DONE ]
Preparing Gnocchi entries                            [ DONE ]
Preparing Redis entries                              [ DONE ]
Preparing Ceilometer entries                         [ DONE ]
Preparing Aodh entries                               [ DONE ]
Preparing Puppet manifests                           [ DONE ]
Copying Puppet modules and manifests                 [ DONE ]
Applying 虚拟机的IP地址_controller.pp
虚拟机的IP地址_controller.pp:                       [ DONE ]  
Applying 虚拟机的IP地址_network.pp
虚拟机的IP地址_network.pp:                          [ DONE ]   
Applying 虚拟机的IP地址_compute.pp
虚拟机的IP地址_compute.pp:                          [ DONE ]   
Applying Puppet manifests                            [ DONE ]
Finalizing                                           [ DONE ]

**** Installation completed successfully ******

Additional information:
 * Parameter CONFIG_NEUTRON_L2_AGENT: You have chosen OVN Neutron backend. Note that this backend does not support the VPNaaS or FWaaS services. Geneve will be used as the encapsulation method for tenant networks
 * A new answerfile was created in: /root/packstack-answers-20200000-000000.txt
 * Time synchronization installation was skipped. Please note that unsynchronized time on server instances might be problem for some OpenStack components.
 * File /root/keystonerc_admin has been created on OpenStack client host 虚拟机的IP地址. To use the command line tools you need to source the file.
 * To access the OpenStack Dashboard browse to http://虚拟机的IP地址/dashboard .
Please, find your login credentials stored in the keystonerc_admin in your home directory.
 * The installation log file is available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20200000-000000-IQc12l/openstack-setup.log
 * The generated manifests are available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20200000-000000-IQc12l/manifests
```

（如果执行了上述命令，则不需要此操作）如果您不想立即运行packstack –allinone，因为它会安装所有内容（可能需要更多内容）。您可以使用配置文件指定要配置的内容。首先生成配置文件。

```bash
packstack --gen-answer-file=answer.txt
```

### 第六步 验证OpenStack是否安装成功

登录到仪表板（Horizon）进行验证。在上述命令的执行输出（packstack -allinone）的末尾是仪表盘的登录地址。

![OpenStack登录界面.png](/usr/uploads/2020/09/2841874175.png)

* 用浏览器访问http://虚拟机的IP地址/dashboard
* 默认用户名是admin，您可以从keystonerc_admin获取密码（如果未在answers.txt文件中设置密码），可以在/root目录中找到它（Keystone是身份验证服务/组件的密码）

```bash
cat keystonerc_admin
```

输出内容

```
unset OS_SERVICE_TOKEN
    export OS_USERNAME=admin
    export OS_PASSWORD='这里是密码'
    export OS_REGION_NAME=RegionOne
    export OS_AUTH_URL=http://虚拟机IP地址:5000/v3
    export PS1='[\u@\h \W(keystone_admin)]\$ '
  
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
```

整个安装过程大约需要半小时到一小时不等

![OpenStack管理界面.png](/usr/uploads/2020/09/263862580.png)

Last modification：November 6, 2024

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CentOS 7 安装OpenStack教程

Dracowyn • 2020 年 09 月 21 日

![OpenStack.jpg](/usr/uploads/2020/09/3823210610.jpg)

# CentOS 7 安装OpenStack教程

## 环境准备

安装CentOS 7 的时候选择最小安装，并设置好固定IP地址，将yum源替换为阿里云源

### 第一步 更新系统软件和内核

本次实验使用DNF新一代的RPM软件包管理器来对系统组件进行更新。

* DNF 并未默认安装在 RHEL 或 CentOS 7系统中。为了安装 DNF ，必须先安装并启用 epel-release 依赖

```bash
yum install -y epel-release
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
```

* 安装dnf

```bash
yum install -y dnf
```

* 之后使用dnf update更新系统软件和内核

```bash
dnf update -y
```

稍等片刻后就安装完成了，完成之后最好是reboot一下，这是一个好习惯。

### 第二步 配置前置安装条件

* 停止并禁用NetworkManager

```bash
systemctl stop NetworkManager
systemctl disable NetworkManager
```

* 停止并禁用firewalld

```bash
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
```

* 重新启动网络服务

```bash
systemctl restart network
```

* 禁用SELinux

```bash
setenforce 0
```

* 或者永久禁用SELinux（建议）

```bash
vi /etc/selinux/config
```

将 SELINUX=enforcing 更改为 SELINUX=disabled

### 第三步 安装OpenStack仓库

* 安装RDO仓库和yum仓库管理器

```bash
yum install -y https://rdoproject.org/repos/rdo-release.rpm
yum install -y yum-utils
```

* 启用OpenStack-Queens仓库

```bash
yum-config-manager --enable openstack-queens
```

之后重启一下系统

```bash
sync;reboot
```

### 第四步 安装OpenStack Packstack

Packstack是一个OpenStack设置实用程序

```bash
yum install -y openstack-packstack
```

### 第五步 使用Packstack部署和运行OpenStack

```bash
packstack --allinone
```

* 此步骤执行需要较长时间，请耐心等待
* 输出内容

```
Welcome to the Packstack setup utility

The installation log file is available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20200921-085713-IQc12l/openstack-setup.log
Packstack changed given value  to required value /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

**** Installation completed successfully ******

```bash
packstack --gen-answer-file=answer.txt
```

### 第六步 验证OpenStack是否安装成功

登录到仪表板（Horizon）进行验证。在上述命令的执行输出（packstack -allinone）的末尾是仪表盘的登录地址。

![OpenStack登录界面.png](/usr/uploads/2020/09/2841874175.png)

```bash
cat keystonerc_admin
```

输出内容

整个安装过程大约需要半小时到一小时不等

![OpenStack管理界面.png](/usr/uploads/2020/09/263862580.png)

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